ASTM A234 Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature
Chemical Compositions ( max, % )
| Grade and Marking Symbol A |
C |
Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo | Ni | Cu |
V |
| WPB B,C,D,E,F |
0.3 |
0.29-1.06 | 0.050 | 0.058 | ≥0.10 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
0.08 |
| WPC C,D,E,F |
0.35 |
0.29-1.06 | 0.050 | 0.058 | ≥0.10 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
0.08 |
| WP1 |
0.28 |
0.30-0.90 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.1-0.5 | … | 0.44-0.65 | … | … |
.. |
| WP12 CL1 |
0.05-0.20 |
0.30-0.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.60 | 0.8-1.25 | 0.44-0.65 | … | … |
… |
| WP11 CL1 | 0.05-0.15 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.5-1.0 | 1.0-1.5 | 0.44-0.65 | … | … | … |
| WP11 CL2 |
0.05-0.20 |
0.30-0.80 | 0.040 | 0.040 | 0.5-1.0 | 1.0-1.5 | 0.44-0.65 | … | … |
… |
| WP22 CL1 |
0.05-0.15 |
0.30-0.60 | 0.040 | 0.040 | 0.50 | 1.9-2.6 | 0.87-1.13 | … | … |
… |
| WP5 CL1 |
0.15 |
0.30-0.60 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 0.50 | 4.0-6.0 | 0.44-0.65 | … | … |
… |
| WP9 CL1 |
0.15 |
0.30-0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 8.0-10.0 | 0.90-1.10 | … | … |
… |
| WPR |
0.2 |
0.40-1.06 | 0.045 | 0.050 | … | … | … | 1.6-2.24 | 0.75-1.25 | … |
| WP91 |
0.08-0.12 |
0.30-0.60 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.20-0.50 | 8.0-9.5 | 0.85-1.05 | 0.40 | … |
0.18-0.25 |
| Others: Cb:0.06-0.1, N:0.03-0.07, Al:0.02 G , Ti:0.01 G, Zr:0.01 G | ||||||||||
| WP911 |
0.09-0.13 |
0.30-0.60 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.10-0.50 | 8.0-9.5 | 0.90-1.10 | 0.40 | … |
0.18-0.25 |
| Others: Cb:0.06-0.1, N:0.04-0.09, Al:0.02 G, B:0.0003-0.006, W:0.9-1.1, Ti:0.01 G, Zr.0.01 G | ||||||||||
A When fittings are of welded construction, the grade and marking symbol shown above shall be supplemented by letter “W”.
B Fittings made from bar or plate may have 0.35 max carbon.
C Fittings made from forgings may have 0.35 max carbon and 0.35 max silicon with no minimum.
D For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to amaximum of 1.35 %.
E The sum of Copper, Nickel, Chromium, and Molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 %.
F The sum of Chromium and Molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 %.
G Applies both to heat and product analyses.
Tensile Requirements
| Grade and Marking Symbol | WPB | WPC, WP11 CL2, WP12 CL2 |
WP1 | WP11 CL1, WP22 CL1, WP5 CL1 WP9 CL1 |
WPR | WP11 CL3, WP22 CL3 WP5 CL3 WP9 CL3 |
WP91 | WP911 | WP12 CL1 |
| Tensile strength, range ksi [MPa] | 60–95 [415–655] |
70–95 [485–655] |
55–80 [380–550] |
60–85 [415–585] |
63–88 [435–605 |
75–100 [520–690] |
85–110 [585–760] |
90–120 [620–840] |
60–85 [415–585] |
| Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa] (0.2 % offset or 0.5 % extension-under-load) | 35 [240] | 40 [275] | 30 [205] | 30 [205] | 46 [315] | 45 [310] | 60 [415] | 64 [440] | 32 [220] |
| Elongation: | All Grades except WPR,WP91, and WP911 | WPR | WP91, WP911 | |||
| Longitudinal | Transverse | Longitudinal | Transverse | Longitudinal | Transverse | |
| Standard round specimen, or small proportional specimen, min % in 4 D | 22 | 14 | 20 | … | 20 | … |
| Rectangular specimen for wall thickness 5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm] and over, and for all small sizes tested in full section; min % in 2 in. [50 mm] |
30 | 20 A | 28 | … | … | … |
| Rectangular specimen for wall thickness less than 5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm]; min % in 2 in. [50 mm] (1⁄2-in. [12.7-mm] wide specimen) |
B | B | B | … | … | … |
A WPB and WPC fittings manufactured from plate shall have a minimum elongation of 17 %.
B For each 1⁄32 in. [0.79 mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm], a deduction of 1.5 % for longitudinal and 1.0 % for transverse from the values shown
above is permitted. The following table gives the minimum value for various wall thicknesses.
| Wall Thickness | All Grades except WPR,WP91, and WP911 | WPR | WP91, WP911 | ||
| in. | [mm] | Longitudinal | Transverse | Longitudinal | Longitudinal |
| 5⁄16 (0.312) | 7.94 | 30 | 20 | 28 | 20 |
| 9⁄32 (0.281) | 7.14 | 28.5 | 19 | 26.5 | 19 |
| 1⁄4 (0.250) | 6.35 | 27 | 18 | 25 | 18 |
| 7⁄32 (0.219) | 5.56 | 25.5 | … | 23.5 | 17 |
| 3⁄16 (0.188) | 4.76 | 24 | … | 22 | 16 |
| 5⁄32 (0.156) | 3.97 | 22.5 | … | 20.5 | 15 |
| 1⁄8 (0.125) | 3.17 | 21 | … | 19 | 14 |
| 3⁄32 (0.094) | 2.38 | 19.5 | … | 17.5 | 13 |
| 1⁄16 (0.062) | 1.59 | 18 | … | 16 | 12 |
Note—This table gives the computed minimum % elongation value for each 1⁄32 in. [0.79 mm] decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness lies between two values above, the minimum elongation value is determined by the following equations:
Direction of Test Equation
Longitudinal E= 48t + 15.00 Transverse E= 32t + 10.00
where:
E = elongation in 2 in. or [50 mm], %, and t = actual thickness of specimen, in. [mm].