ASTM A516 GR65

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ASTM A516 – Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service

Grade: 65

Chemical Requirements

Elements	Grade65[450]
Carbon,max ^A,B:
1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under	0.24
Over 1⁄2 in. to 2 in. [12.5 to 50 mm], incl	0.26
Over 2 in. to 4 in. [50 to 100 mm], incl	0.28
Over 4 to 8 in. [100 to 200 mm], incl	0.29
Over 8 in. [200 mm]	0.29
Manganese^B:
1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under:
Heat analysis	0.85-1.20
Product analysis	0.79-1.30
Over 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm]:
Heat analysis	0.85-1.20
Product analysis	0.79-1.30
Phosphorus,max^A	0.025
Sulfur, max^A	0.025
Silicon:
Heat analysis	0.15-0.40
Product analysis	0.13-0.45

A Applies to both heat and product analyses.

B For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximum for carbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified maximum for manganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50 % by heat analysis and 1.60 % by product analysis.

Tensile Requirements

	Grade65[450]
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]	65–85 [450–585]
Yield strength, min,^Aksi [MPa]	35 [240]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, %^B	19
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %^B	23

A Determined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension-under-load method.

B See Specification A20/A20M for elongation adjustment.

ASTM A516 GR60

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ASTM A516 – Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service

Grade: 60

Chemical Requirements

Elements	Grade60[415]
Carbon,max ^A,B:
1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under	0.21
Over 1⁄2 in. to 2 in. [12.5 to 50 mm], incl	0.23
Over 2 in. to 4 in. [50 to 100 mm], incl	0.25
Over 4 to 8 in. [100 to 200 mm], incl	0.27
Over 8 in. [200 mm]	0.27
Manganese^B:
1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under:
Heat analysis	0.60-0.90
Product analysis	0.55-0.98
Over 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm]:
Heat analysis	0.85-1.20
Product analysis	0.79-1.30
Phosphorus,max^A	0.025
Sulfur, max^A	0.025
Silicon:
Heat analysis	0.15-0.40
Product analysis	0.13-0.45

A Applies to both heat and product analyses.

C Grade 60 plates 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under in thickness may have 0.85–1.20 % manganese on heat analysis, and 0.79–1.30 % manganese on product analysis.

Tensile Requirements

	Grade60[415]
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]	60–80 [415–550]
Yield strength, min,^Aksi [MPa]	32 [220]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, %^B	21
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %^B	25

A Determined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension-under-load method.

B See Specification A20/A20M for elongation adjustment.

ASTM A516 GR55

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ASTM A516 – Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service

Grade: 55

Chemical Requirements

Elements	Grade55[380]
Carbon,max ^A,B:
1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under	0.18
Over 1⁄2 in. to 2 in. [12.5 to 50 mm], incl	0.20
Over 2 in. to 4 in. [50 to 100 mm], incl	0.22
Over 4 to 8 in. [100 to 200 mm], incl	0.24
Over 8 in. [200 mm]	0.26
Manganese^B:
1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under:
Heat analysis	0.60-0.90
Product analysis	0.55-0.98
Over 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm]:
Heat analysis	0.60-1.20
Product analysis	0.55-1.30
Phosphorus,max^A	0.025
Sulfur, max^A	0.025
Silicon:
Heat analysis	0.15-0.40
Product analysis	0.13-0.45

A Applies to both heat and product analyses.

Tensile Requirements

	Grade55[380]
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]	55–75 [380–515]
Yield strength, min,^Aksi [MPa]	30 [205]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, %^B	23
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %^B	27

A Determined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension-under-load method.

B See Specification A20/A20M for elongation adjustment.

ASTM A36-Plates

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Plates – ASTM A36 Carbon Structural Steel

Chemical Requirements:

Product	Plates ^A
Thickness, in. [mm]	To 3⁄4[20],incl	Over 3⁄4 to 1- ⁄2 [20 to 40],incl	Over 1-1⁄2 to 2-1⁄2 [40 to 65],incl	Over 2-1⁄2 to 4[65 to 100],incl	Over 4 [100]
Carbon, max, %	0.25	0.25	0.26	0.27	0.29
Manganese, %	–	0.80-1.20	0.80-1.20	0.85-1.20	0.85-1.20
Phosphorus, max, %	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
Sulfur, max, %	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Silicon, %	0.40 max.	0.40 max.	0.15-0.40	0.15-0.40	0.15-0.40
Copper, min, % when copper steel is specified	0.20	1.20	1.20	1.20	1.20

A For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 percentage point manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to the maximum of 1.35 %.

Tensile Requirements

Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]	58–80 [400–550]
Yield point, min, ksi [MPa]	36 [250] ^A
Elongation ^{B, C}
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, %	20
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %	23

A Yield point 32 ksi [220 MPa] for plates over 8 in. [200 mm] in thickness.
B Elongation not required to be determined for floor plate.
C For plates wider than 24 in. [600 mm], the elongation requirement is reduced two percentage points.

ASTM A36 -Shapes

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Shapes – ASTM A36 Carbon Structural Steel

Chemical Requirements:

Product	Shapes ^A
Thickness, in. [mm]	All
Carbon, max, %	0.26
Manganese, %	–
Phosphorus, max, %	0.04
Sulfur, max, %	0.05
Silicon, %	0.40 max.
Copper, min, % when copper steel is specified	0.20

A Manganese content of 0.85–1.35 % and silicon content of 0.15–0.40 % is required for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. [75 mm].

Tensile Requirements:

Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]	58–80 [400–550]
Yield point, min, ksi [MPa]	36 [250]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, %	20
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %	21 ^A

A For wide flange shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. [75 mm], the 80 ksi [550 MPa] maximum tensile strength does not apply and a minimum elongation in 2 in.[50 mm] of 19 % applies.

API 598

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API 598 – Valve Inspection and Testing

This standard covers inspection, examination, supplemetary examinations, and pressure test requirements for resilient-seated, nonmetallic-seated (e.g. ceramic), and metal-to-metal-seated valves of the gate, globe, plug, ball, check, and butterfly types, Resilient seats are considered to be:

a) soft seats, both silid and semi-solid grease type(e.g. lubricated plug)
b) cmbination soft and metal seats;
c) any other type valve designed to meet resilient seat leakage rates as specified in Table 6 of this standard.

The following tests and examination are specified in this standard:

a) shell test,
b) backseat test,
c) low-pressure closure test,
d) high-pressure closure test,
e) double block and bleed high-pressure closure test,
f) visual examination of castings by the manufacturer,
g) high-pressure pneumatic shell test.

API 602

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API 602 Steel Gate, Globe and Check Valves for Sizes DN 100 and Smaller for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries

This International Standard specifies the requirements for a series of compact steel gate, globe and check valves for petroleum and natural gas industry applications.

It is applicable to valves of
– nominal sizes DN 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 65, 80 and 100,
– corresponding to nominal pipe sizes NPS ¼, ⅜, ½, ¾, 1, 1¼, 1½, 2, 2½, 3 and 4, and to pressure designations of Class 150, Class 300, Class 600, Class 800 and Class 1500.
Class 800 is not a listed class designation, but is an intermediate class number widely used for socketwelding and threaded end compact valves.

It includes provisions for the following valve characteristics:
– outside screw with rising stems (OS & Y), in sizes 8 ≤ DN ≤ 100 and pressure 150 ≤ DN ≤ 1500 designations including Class 800;
– inside screw with rising stems (ISRS), in sizes 8 ≤ DN ≤ 65 and pressure designations of Class ≤ 800;
– socket-welding or threaded ends, in sizes 8 ≤ DN ≤ 65 and pressure designations of Class 800 and Class 1500;
– flanged or butt-welding ends, in sizes 15 ≤ DN ≤ 100 and pressure designations of 150 ≤ DN ≤ 1500, excluding flanged end Class 800;
– bonnet joint construction — bolted, welded and threaded with seal weld for Class ≤ 1500 and union nut for Class ≤ 800;
– body seat openings;
– materials, as specified;
– testing and inspection.

This International Standard is applicable to valve end flanges in accordance with ASME B 16.5 and valve body ends having tapered pipe threads to ISO 7-1 or ASME B 1.20.1. It is applicable to extended body construction in sizes and pressure designations of Class 800 and Class 1500, and to bellows and bellows assembly construction as may be adaptable to gate or globe valves in sizes . It covers bellows stem seal type testing requirements.

API 608

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API 608 Metal Ball Valves—Flanged, Threaded and Welding Ends

API 608 specifies the requirements for metal ball valves suitable for petroleum, petrochemical and industrial applications that have:
— flanged ends in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 20 (DN 15 through DN500);
— butt-welding ends in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 20 (DN 15 through DN 500);
— socket-welding ends in sizes NPS 1/4 through NPS 2 (DN 8 through DN 50);
— threaded ends in sizes NPS 1/4 through NPS 2 (DN 8 through DN 50).
Corresponding to the nominal pipe sizes in ASME B36.10M.

API 608 applies to metal ball valves with pressure classes as follows:
— flanged ends in Classes 150, 300 and 600 (PN 16, 25, 40 and 100);
— butt-welding ends in Classes 150, 300 and 600 (PN 16, 25, 40 and 100);
— socket-welding ends in Classes 150, 300, 600 and 800 (PN 16, 25, 40 and 100);
— threaded ends in Classes 150, 300, 600 and 800 (PN 16, 25, 40 and 100).

API 608 establishes requirements for bore sizes described as:
— full bore;
— single reduced bore;
— double reduced bore.

API 608 applies to floating ball valve designs (Figure B.1) and trunnion ball valve designs (Figure B.2).
These figures are to be used only for the purpose of establishing standard nomenclature for valve components—
other floating and trunnion designs also exist.

API 608 establishes additional requirements for ball valves that are otherwise in full conformance to the
requirements of ASME B16.34, Standard Class.

API 600

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API 600 – Bolted Bonnet Steel Gate Valves for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries

API 600 specifies the requirements for a heavy duty series of bolted bonnet steel gate valves for petroleum refinery and related applications where corrosion, erosion and other service conditions indicate a need for full port openings, heavy wall sections and extra large stem diameters.

API 600 sets forth the requirements for the following gate valve features:
— bolted bonnet;
— outside screw and yoke;
— rising stems;
— non-rising handwheels;
— single or double gate;
— wedge or parallel seating;
— metallic seating surfaces;
— flanged or butt-welding ends.

It covers ball valve of the nominal sizes DN:
25; 32; 40; 50; 65; 80; 100; 150; 200; 250; 300; 350; 400; 450; 500; 600

and is applicable for pressure designations PN:
20; 50; 110; 150; 260; 420

when metric sized bolt holes are provided in end flanges and PN designations are marked on the valve body.

It also covers valves of the corresponding nominal pipe sizes NPS:
1; 11/4; 11/2; 2; 21/2; 3; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16; 18; 20; 24

and applies for equivalent nominal Class ratings:
150; 300; 600; 900; 1 500; 2 500

when inch-sized bolt holes are provided in end flanges and Class designations are marked on the valve body.

It also covers additional marking requirements for valves that are PN (or Class) designated but have flanges drilled for inch (or metric) bolt holes.

API 594

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API 594 Check Valves: Flanged, Lug, Wafer and Butt-welding
API 594 covers design, material, face-to-face dimensions, pressure-temperature ratings, and examination, inspection, and test requirements for two types of check valves.

Type ‘A’ check valves are short face-to-face and can be: wafer, lug, or double flanged; single plate or dual plate; gray iron, ductile iron, steel, nickel alloy or other alloy designed for installation between Class 125 and 250 cast iron flanges as specified in ASME B16.1, between Class 150 and 300 ductile iron flanges as specified in ASME B16.42, between Class 150 –2500 steel flanges as specified in ASME B16.5, and between Class 150 – 600 steel pipeline flanges as specified in MSS SP-44 or carbon steel flanges as specified in ASME B16.47.

Type ‘B’ check valves are long face-to-face and can be: flanged or butt-welding; steel, nickel alloy or other alloy designed for installation between Class 150 – 2500 steel flanges as specified in ASME B16.5 or for butt-welding into industry accepted piping systems.

This standard covers the following nominal valve size ranges:

Type ‘A’ valves:
a. Classes 125 and 250, 2 ≤ NPS ≤ 48 (excluding NPS 3 1/2).
b. Classes 150 and 300, 2 ≤ NPS ≤ 48*
c. Class 600, 2 ≤ NPS ≤ 42*
d. Classes 900 and 1500, 2 ≤ NPS ≤ 24*
e. Class 2500, 2 ≤ NPS ≤ 12*

Type ‘B’ valves:
f. Classes 150 through 1500, 2 ≤ NPS ≤ 24*
g. Class 2500, 2 ≤ NPS ≤ 12*

Note: *Valve sizes NPS 3 1/2 and 5 are non-preferred sizes whose usage is discouraged.